醫療內窺鏡：
Medical endoscope:
是用于人體微創醫療的一種內窺鏡工具，通過人體的自然腔道，或者是經手術行小切口進入人體內，將內窺鏡導入檢查的器官，可直接獲取圖像。本期主要介紹醫療內窺鏡的電子內窺鏡（下文將內窺鏡簡稱為鏡）。
It is an endoscope tool for minimally invasive medical treatment of human body. It enters the human body through the natural cavity of the human body or through a small incision through surgery, and the endoscope is introduced into the examined organs to directly obtain images. This issue mainly introduces the electronic endoscope of medical endoscope (hereinafter referred to as endoscope).
關于醫療內窺鏡硬鏡部分的介紹，請點擊：
For an introduction to the hard part of medical endoscope, please click:
電子鏡
Electronic mirror
特點
characteristic
電子內窺鏡，主要由先端CCD/CMOS芯片、腔內光源系統、軟鏡機械部分組成。電子鏡先端的微型圖像傳感器CCD采集圖像，將光信號轉變為電信號，電信號通過鏡身線路傳出，到攝像系統設備，終形成圖像。電子鏡內部結構是電子系統，傳導的是數字信號。
The electronic endoscope is mainly composed of advanced CCD / CMOS chip, intracavity light source system and soft mirror mechanical part. The micro image sensor CCD at the front of the electronic mirror collects the image and converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is transmitted through the mirror body line to the camera system equipment, and finally forms the image. The internal structure of the electronic mirror is an electronic system, which transmits digital signals.
電子內窺鏡在醫院內鏡室的診斷和手術起著十分重要的作用，具有靈活定好、分辨率高、易于診斷、管徑細等優點。電子鏡包括：電子硬鏡，電子軟鏡，及其他電子鏡。這里主要介紹電子軟鏡。

Electronic endoscopy plays a very important role in the diagnosis and operation of hospital endoscopy room. It has the advantages of flexible setting, high resolution, easy diagnosis, thin diameter and so on. Electronic mirrors include: electronic hard mirrors, electronic soft mirrors, and other electronic mirrors. This paper mainly introduces the electronic soft mirror.
結構
structure
電子軟鏡由先端，插入管，操作部，連接部構成。其中先端和插入管由人體自然腔道進入，醫生手持操作部進行操作，控制電子軟鏡先端在人體內的位置，連接部連接攝像光源系統，將先端采集的圖像信號傳出圖像。
The electronic soft mirror is composed of a tip, an insertion tube, an operation part and a connecting part. The tip and the insertion tube enter from the natural cavity of the human body, the doctor operates with the operation part, controls the position of the tip of the electronic soft mirror in the human body, and the connection part is connected with the camera light source system to send the image signal collected by the tip out of the image.
原理
principle
電子軟鏡和纖維軟鏡的區別是，電子軟鏡通過先端CCD/CMOS芯片采集圖像，鏡身傳導的是數字信號。纖維軟鏡是通過光學纖維，傳導物理圖像，沒有芯片電路。
The difference between electronic soft mirror and fiber soft mirror is that the electronic soft mirror collects images through the leading CCD / CMOS chip, and the mirror body transmits digital signals. Fiber soft mirror transmits physical images through optical fibers without chip circuit.
電子軟鏡通過CCD/CMOS芯片采集圖像，圖像質量高清。纖維軟鏡為圖像束成像，圖像質量為蜂窩點狀，非高清。
The electronic soft mirror collects images through CCD / CMOS chip, and the image quality is high-definition. Fiber soft mirror is image beam imaging, and the image quality is honeycomb point, non HD.
應用
application
醫療電子鏡主要包括：
Medical electronic mirror mainly includes:
消化科：電子食道鏡、超聲電子食道鏡、電子胃鏡、超聲電子胃鏡、電子腸鏡（十二指腸、小腸、結腸）
Gastroenterology department: electronic esophagoscope, ultrasonic electronic esophagoscope, electronic gastroscope, ultrasonic electronic gastroscope, electronic enteroscope (duodenum, small intestine, colon)
呼吸科：電子鼻咽鏡、電子支氣管鏡
Respiratory department: electronic nasopharyngoscope, electronic bronchoscope
外科：電子腹腔鏡、電子膽道鏡
Surgery: electronic laparoscope, electronic choledochoscope
泌尿科：電子輸尿管鏡
Urology: electronic Ureteroscopy
其他：膠囊內窺鏡、3D電子鏡
Others: capsule endoscope, 3D electronic endoscope