1、 Analysis of common faults of optical lens and Countermeasures

　　關節鏡頭是關節鏡系統的中心局部，直接關系到關節鏡手術圖像質量的好壞。關節鏡頭包括透光系統、光導纖維、光纜接頭、金屬鞘和目鏡。由于光學鏡頭結構精細，在它的物鏡端、金屬鞘、光纜線頭及目鏡端易受損傷。

　　Arthroscopic lens is the central part of the arthroscopic system, which is directly related to the quality of arthroscopic surgery image. Joint lens includes light transmission system, optical fiber, optical cable connector, metal sheath and eyepiece. Because of the fine structure of the optical lens, it is easy to be damaged at its objective end, metal sheath, optical cable thread end and eyepiece end.

　　常見的問題如下：

　　Common problems are as follows:

　　①物鏡端、目鏡端玻璃破碎：與空中和周邊設備的碰撞；和器械盒的碰撞；

　　① Broken glass at objective and eyepiece ends: collision with air and surrounding equipment; collision with instrument box;

　　②物鏡端磨損變 形：術中與剖削器碰撞；

　　② Wear and deformation of objective lens end: collision with cutter during operation;

　　③目鏡端起霧：密封圈走漏；

　　③ Fogging at eyepiece end: leakage of sealing ring;

　　④金屬鞘彎曲變形、凹痕：

　　④ Bending deformation and dent of metal sheath:

　　⑤與空中和周邊設備的碰撞； 和器械盒的碰撞；

　　⑤ Collision with air and surrounding equipment; collision with equipment box;

　　⑥運用不當。光纜接頭決裂、進水：運用后立刻冷水沖洗或生理鹽水浸泡。

　　⑥ Improper use. Cable connector crack, water: after use, immediately wash with cold water or soak in saline.

　　處理對策：

　　Countermeasures:

　　①防止碰撞：鏡頭是關節鏡設備中為精細而又昂貴的，因而，操作過程要十分當心，勿與硬物碰撞；專科組劃分，專科護士配合手術；

　　① Collision prevention: the lens is the most delicate and expensive in the arthroscopic equipment, therefore, the operation process should be very careful, do not collide with hard objects; the specialized group is divided, and the specialized nurses cooperate with the operation;

　　②回收鏡頭時應有維護套或專用鏡頭盒，并且一對一的單獨交接即洗手護士與器械室專職護士一對一的交接，不放置器械盒內，分清義務，防止混放；

　　② There should be a maintenance set or a special lens box when the lens is recycled, and a one-to-one separate handover means that the hand washing nurse and the full-time nurse in the instrument room hand over one-to-one, do not place the lens in the instrument box, distinguish the obligations, and prevent mixing;

　　③鏡頭運用后待接頭冷卻前方可清洗，防止在拆卸鏡頭時生理鹽水的浸泡；

　　③ After the lens is used, it can be cleaned before the connector is cooled, so as to prevent the immersion of physiological saline when the lens is disassembled;

　　④物鏡端磨損主要是剖削器術中運用不當碰撞形成，多是由操作者技術不純熟形成；

　　④ The wear of the objective lens is mainly caused by improper collision during the operation of the cutter, which is mostly caused by the operator's unskilled technology;

　　關于剛能夠獨立操作手術的內鏡醫師，雖然資質和學時都達標了，但是臨床操作經歷不豐厚，此類醫師所做的手術普通都是關節鏡探查或清算等簡單的手術，關于這樣的醫師，我們應用國產鏡頭完整能夠完成手術，并在術中會提示醫師當心鏡頭。

　　As for the endoscopists who are just able to operate independently, although their qualifications and class hours are up to the standard, their clinical operation experience is not rich. The surgeons usually perform simple operations such as arthroscopic exploration or liquidation. As for such doctors, we can complete the operation by using the domestic lens, and remind the doctors to be careful of the lens during the operation.